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What Causes a Sore Throat? Symptoms & Best Home Remedies

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  *Introduction - A sore throat is one of the most common symptoms that affect people of all age groups, especially during seasonal changes or in response to infections. Often dismissed as a minor irritation, a sore throat can sometimes signal a more serious underlying condition such as a bacterial infection, influenza, or even mononucleosis. Understanding the causes, symptoms, treatment options, and preventive measures for sore throat infections is vital for timely relief and to prevent complications. This article dives deep into sore throat infections to equip readers with the knowledge to handle this widespread issue effectively. What Is a Sore Throat Infection? A sore throat infection is inflammation or irritation in the throat, typically caused by viral or bacterial pathogens. It affects the pharynx—the area behind the mouth and nasal cavity. Infections may range from mild discomfort to severe pain, interfering with swallowing, speaking, or even breathing. Types of Sore Throat...

Cough and Cold Demystified: Causes, Care, and Prevention

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  *Introduction - Cough and cold represent two of the most common ailments encountered in clinical practice and everyday life. Although generally self-limiting, they contribute substantially to lost work and school days, health care visits, and economic burden worldwide. Understanding their underlying mechanisms, clinical presentation, and evidence-based management strategies is essential for both health care professionals and the public. This comprehensive article delves into the definitions, epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management, complications, prevention, special considerations, and future directions related to cough and cold. Definitions • Common Cold: An acute, self-limited viral infection of the upper respiratory tract, primarily involving the nasal passages and pharynx. • Cough: A reflex action to clear the airways of mucus, irritants, or foreign particles. It may be a symptom of upper or lower respiratory tract infections, allergi...