Unlocking the Power of Genes: Complete Overview of Gene Therapy
*Introduction - Gene therapy represents one of the most transformative frontiers in modern medicine, offering the promise of treating—and in some cases curing—genetic disorders by targeting the root cause: the defective gene itself. Unlike traditional pharmaceuticals that manage symptoms, gene therapy seeks to correct or replace malfunctioning genetic material, thereby restoring the normal function of cells and tissues. Over the past three decades, tremendous progress in molecular biology, virology, and vector engineering has propelled gene therapy from speculative concept to clinical reality, with multiple products now approved for human use and hundreds more in development. This article provides a comprehensive overview of gene therapy, covering its history, mechanisms, vector platforms, clinical applications, challenges, ethical considerations, and future directions. Readers will gain an in-depth understanding of how gene therapy works, the diseases it can potentially treat, a...